Learning to walk

Children with Down syndrome learn to walk later than their typically-developing peers. 'Low muscle tone' (hypotonia) is frequently cited as one of the causes of motor delay among people with Down syndrome. However, there is no standardised measure of 'muscle tone' and its precise nature is not well understood.

Research

This study will investigate aspects of motor development and muscle tone that directly impact learning to walk. The study will examine control of the ankle joint in young children with Down syndrome and a control group of typically-developing children. Control of the ankle joint is important for balance and effective leverage and propulsion during weight bearing activity and is therefore vital for walking.

The study will also examine the stepping patterns of infants undertaking an early treadmill training intervention. This will build on the results of earlier studies, offering insight into the development of independent walking and the factors influencing delays.

Related areas of work

Investigators

Partners and advisors

Location

Education

Study results will be published in peer-reviewed scientific publications. Practice implications will be published in periodicals for families and professionals, including Down Syndrome Research and Practice and incorporated into freely available Down Syndrome Topics advice and information summaries and Down Syndrome Issues and Information books. Open Access articles and summaries will be provided for reproduction in the newsletters and journals of associations, support groups and professional societies. The study results will also be shared through the charity's training courses and its contributions to conferences in the UK and worldwide.

Impact

  • An improved understanding of the reasons for the delay in walking among infants with Down syndrome
  • An improved understanding of muscle stiffness and 'tone' in infants with Down syndrome
  • Recommendations for effective interventions to promote early motor development and accelerate learning to walk

Status

The project is in progress.

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